The challenges and risk factors of ovarian cancer

February marks Ovarian Cancer Awareness month, a campaign coordinated by Ovarian Cancer Australia to not only educate us about the disease but also to raise funds for support, advocacy and research programs. 

Every year in Australia over 1,500 women will be diagnosed with Ovarian cancer. Sadly, more than 1,000 women will die from the disease. Currently, the five-year survival rate is 46 per cent, compared to 91 per cent for women diagnosed with early breast cancer. The challenge in the management of ovarian cancer is that there is no means of early detection. A screening program does not exist. It's important to note that cervical screening does not detect Ovarian Cancer.

The symptoms of the disease are often vague and similar to other medical issues making it challenging to diagnose. This can include:

• tiredness
• abdominal pain or bloating
• unexplained weight loss or gain
• altered bowel patterns
• changes to appetite
• feeling full after eating
• indigestion
• urinary frequency or urgency.

It is essential that women follow up with their GP if symptoms persist.

Some of the risk factors for ovarian cancer include:

• a family history of ovarian cancer or breast or bowel cancer
• a genetic mutation especially BRAC1 or BRAC2
• increasing age
• HRT
• smoking
• obesity and a past history of endometriosis. 

Ovarian cancer is generally diagnosed through a general/pelvic examination, a pelvic ultrasound, a blood test (especially Ca 125) and/or a CT.

At Healthscope's Ringwood Private Hospital, women diagnosed with ovarian cancer are treated throughout the trajectory of their disease. Following the commencement of their chemotherapy, contact is made with the Cancer Support Nurse who offers information and support regarding all aspects of their diagnosis and treatment.

Many women chose to link into the counselling service provided, to not only gain assistance to psychologically process their situation but to also learn strategies to assist with the effects of their treatment.